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      小升初英語語法常識(shí)

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      1#
      發(fā)表于 2019-12-7 02:43:27 | 只看該作者 |倒序?yàn)g覽 |閱讀模式
      一、

      2 u! w# w7 s7 B  @& _
      表現(xiàn)某一事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不成數(shù)名詞。' m2 [( ~$ p8 q6 C4 i
      夸大:不成數(shù)名詞都默以為單數(shù),所以老是用is或者was;最好不要依據(jù)some、any、a lot of等詞往作判

      % k% f: [7 e1 p& g. i5 N' |
      斷,以免受誤導(dǎo)。
      6 ]4 J4 W8 @7 H
      1、可數(shù)名詞若何變復(fù)數(shù)情勢(shì)5 L& P- |9 a+ j* X
      a.一般情形下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;讀音3庠皰子音后讀<strike>,濁子音和
      # b" G' E; q( z: c0 f9 j
      元音后讀[z]。
      5 u+ H# n2 Q+ tb.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;讀音:[iz]。
      0 H5 @* u* F" `c.以子音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變yi, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;讀音:[z]。
      : [9 Y0 \) `. {1 }/ X* P+ ?% j$ g: dd.以“ffe”結(jié)尾,變ffev, 再加-es,如:knife-knives thief-thieves;讀音:[z]
      ; t6 L) R! k$ C9 k: a/ Y  }- t5 Je.以“o”結(jié)尾的詞,分兩種情形
      7 ?' m* m# ?, }) m' N
      1)有性命的+es  讀音:[z]  如:mango-mangoes  tomato-tomatoes  hero-heroes
      : @3 Q1 p7 }) ]; J% `
      2) 無性命的+s   讀音:[z]  如:photo-photos     radio-radios

      & ?5 H2 z# A+ s! [3 u6 g6 @
      f. 不規(guī)矩名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,  
        R& ^: Z% i) v1 ]% `: ^
      snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish,
      ) L. N  W- _5 n  Z: X
      people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 1 S$ P; F) w4 Y  Y1 `
        2、不成數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)。假如要盤算不成數(shù)名詞所表達(dá)的數(shù)目,就得在數(shù)詞和不成數(shù)名詞之間加上

      5 S0 h0 n' r$ q! f, c1 x) m
      +of”。例如:a glass of water, a piece of ***, a bottle of juice  g/ l5 L7 t5 E3 }5 p
      判定步調(diào):
      . e! U0 m  {; q6 q                                                  ↗如是amiswas→本相, b* I6 E7 L* q3 P( L
      讀句子讀該單詞熟悉該單詞懂得意思be動(dòng)詞
      , ]. \0 b5 ^% h0 r- x8 ^8 H- s                                                  ↘如是arewere→ses
      ! E# z5 m, K: S9 E* V( Q! N練一練:$ i2 F) ^4 \2 w0 x
      1、寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。
      + R1 h' q8 n; f# ?I _________  him _________  this _______   her ______     watch _______   mango_______child _______ photo ________ diary ______   day________  foot________ dress ________ tooth_______
      6 G3 j- N3 p+ e8 w+ b
      sheep ______   box_______  strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______
      9 v) f2 k! z+ W- E
      sandwich ______   man______   woman_______  leaf_______   people________
      ; n) {* \8 n- e0 j6 a6 Z2、用所給名詞的┞俘確情勢(shì)填空。5 J$ p, ]' M3 w" g7 r! [
      1Are there two                ( box ) on the table?, r1 l8 \8 t" O( |- |) u5 h
      2I can see some                 ( people ) in the cinema.4 v9 [& @' A' w  D# h; h" p( q
      3How many                 ( day ) are there in a week?5 M) j$ D  E. k$ B# T9 h$ H
      4Here’re five                ( bottle ) of                  ( juice ) for you.
      ( x: b# Q4 D( H7 M2 B0 \5This                ( violin ) is hers. Those                ( grape ) are over there.. H) a. S9 G! F5 q6 h8 k- T& V
      7 Z; Y. m! w$ `- J; ]
      ; B/ l! P* p+ R8 K3 Y
      二、冠  
      2 U% |% ^# v% @' V8 M  K  J
      冠詞是一種虛詞,不克不及自力應(yīng)用,凡是放在名詞的前面,分為不定冠詞定冠詞兩種。* @* R# o- S  u. A
      1、不定冠詞:a、an。用在單數(shù)名詞前,表現(xiàn)一個(gè),一件……”。an用在以元音音素開首的單詞前。如:
      3 t1 f0 T9 Y( _) k8 Q. p
      an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour…
      / v7 P1 Q0 T4 O2 _7 W; `  y: w- c0 a2、定冠詞:the。用在單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。the沒有具體意思,有時(shí)翻譯為這、那。它的基礎(chǔ)用法:7 T6 D) x4 G+ ]# Z6 p, c. v
        1)用來表現(xiàn)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如:The map on the wall is new.
      2 p8 I+ \& E  R  2)表現(xiàn)措辭者兩邊都知道的人或事物。如:Look at the picture, please.
      ! D! B+ H; z9 m( Z& l  I  3)表現(xiàn)再次提到前面談過的人或事物。如:This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.
      6 J4 G8 B4 K, k1 f& e  4)用在表現(xiàn)世界上并世無雙的事物前。如:the sun太陽  the moon月亮  the earth地球
      5 p1 s) J1 R% t) i( ^0 l  5)用在由通俗名詞組成的專著名詞前。如:the Great Wall長(zhǎng)城
      * u- k3 p$ ]5 W. q& {( s  6)用在江河、湖海等專著名詞前。如:the Changjiang River長(zhǎng)江" ^- t# ^9 q& n; Q4 c3 r0 b( q
        7)此外,序數(shù)詞、形容詞第一流、樂器名稱檔故前面和一些習(xí)習(xí)用語中一般都用定冠詞the。如:
      # w. r' _3 C3 M0 O( l
      the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class/ S7 a* ]" j* v8 m
      斷定用a、an仍是the時(shí)可依據(jù)漢語意思。6 {+ ~7 ?) y( R0 [# o1 o' L
      練一練:. h$ U8 M7 X9 h2 h) x
      1、用aan填空。
      5 j0 G5 y" l; O8 m& V% i        ____ “U”         ____ ice-cream            ____  goalkeeper           ____ teapot            ____apple% d9 x1 ^' z4 U7 ]
             ____office     ____English book        ____umbrella        ____unit               ____hour            & y9 V$ G8 L5 u8 G+ q
      2、依據(jù)須要,填寫冠詞a,anthe。
      " s& e* j) V5 b5 x7 H2 }6 p1Who is ____girl behind ____tree?
      & }5 b/ i, x1 C8 b! F9 D2 ____old man has two children, ____ son and ____daughter.
      3 n" \) E- Z  i& K3This is  ____ orange.   ____ orange is Lucy’s.
      8 h* n: P8 y- H9 Q! [( D  z4He likes playing ____guitar. We have ____same hobby.  U; I* C8 u' W, S: F! p: A" N
      5We all had____good time last Sunday.2 u9 v+ v, f/ i$ E, t* Q4 v% ~
      6She wants to be____doctor.
        m: x* S8 g1 M. B2 A! m) C

      5 N& e( b. j& d, v/ y
        q+ X8 E% P( L, I- H4 K# g
      三, 數(shù)

      ) }( P5 U9 l6 m* V) L
      我們學(xué)過兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?;鶖?shù)用于表現(xiàn)數(shù)目幾多,而基數(shù)詞用于表現(xiàn)順序,常在日期中呈現(xiàn)。差別:基數(shù)詞前面沒有“the”;序數(shù)詞前必定要有“the”. C. J5 o$ Y1 _) a1 ~
      1、跨越二十以上的兩位數(shù)須要在個(gè)位和十位之間加上“-”。如:21  twenty-one) l! z' @$ @5 w8 P6 S2 T
      2、三位數(shù)以上的則須要在百位數(shù)后再加上and。如:101  a/one hundred and one) K) f; V, B% J8 B
      3、用基數(shù)詞來潤飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí),必定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)情勢(shì)。如:十八個(gè)男孩  eighteen boys
      ' E2 B: A2 X' R4、用基數(shù)詞潤飾不成數(shù)名詞時(shí),如是復(fù)數(shù),變它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)。
      + H% n; Z7 j. k! u
      如:兩碗米飯  two bowls of rice# G. C/ w  M4 F
      5、序數(shù)詞一般加“th”,特別的有:first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth以及二十及二

      + N7 N9 _) r1 a; V$ i& ]  i" p7 D
      十以外的┞符十:twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth… “第幾十幾3庠鳶面整十不變,后面改為序
      ' S3 g& J5 q1 u; }. Q7 I- u8 X' d
      數(shù)詞。如:88  eighty-eighth& a0 t% w& l* m
      練一練:" I7 I- ^# d& M+ r! z/ ^4 n3 }+ [
      1、請(qǐng)翻譯下列短語。 6 B& J9 v$ L/ @( E
      160論理學(xué)生                              215本英語書                              ) I9 I6 a" v' G" ~6 u2 r: ], w0 O
      3)九杯涼水                               44個(gè)孩子                                ( C( G1 W- |4 O3 i( r1 E' f, {" a
      51231                                 662                                 8 m$ e& v$ c4 `+ k# _7 b
      7)第九周                                  840年前                                 
        z9 g! d  M6 O$ h0 y911+7                                     10)上學(xué)第一天                           
      7 B" i+ ~# I8 @/ T2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。1 W; I/ I+ y% e+ C. z% J+ V1 q. ~
      one---                      two---                       three---                      nine---                 
      - v* P) m/ ?- V  X3 t2 p! Sfourteen---                     twenty---                      thirty-five---                     eighty-one
      - g4 o" e$ i1 W4 U- P

      5 ^6 j- V6 y3 b  ]+ A

      , B* y( L, s9 h" c: }$ e

      7 d: D5 N% q, g0 Z2 S( S
      四、代  

      " f8 s; E6 A; ^& `6 ~. |+ V
      代詞有兩種:人稱代詞和物主代詞。" y1 v2 @% z; r+ L
      1、人稱代詞分為:第一、第二、第三人稱,且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。- W8 m3 _; Q4 N, y( `* E) b& ]
      2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語,一般用在動(dòng)詞前(疑問句除外);賓格在句中做賓語,多  

      8 q% s% a( u; f1 b/ O/ {7 U
      用于動(dòng)詞、介詞后。8 A3 O- X  u2 T# [
      3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的感化,后面必定要跟名詞,表現(xiàn)該名詞是屬于誰的。3 s1 x% o: s3 ^- ]+ ?+ O
      4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如:
      & P9 Q$ @* |# t/ @1 V   This is my bag. = This is mine.  That is her ruler. = That is hers.+ k2 ^4 \, |( O% j8 Y. t- u
      一般看后面有沒著名詞,若有,就用形容詞性物主代詞;如無,就用名詞性物主代詞。  ~) @" ~* y6 L; f: ?+ p
          請(qǐng)服膺下表:
      5 R" A; R5 U( H! [# P- P1 A
      # I* F2 g  i. q3 X' p) w
       
      : m$ W* [! ]4 ]/ m' o. ]- Y

        o" u1 y3 v" c  K) T) V: Z& t% }; z+ e
      單數(shù)
      - X( P! n% x# A+ d
      % g6 \3 v9 D0 }( |+ P8 ~7 f0 V
       
      0 y0 ]* M" [* M/ r$ v1 M
      : a4 [% t: W7 W" V! a" ?: R4 g
      復(fù)數(shù)
      ( S- P0 ~' ~+ B; h

      + h! H8 m1 \( f6 [1 v
      人稱  代詞
      5 x- ]' W- @( A4 {- i& ]: R: `
      * l4 }+ e+ A5 ], k& n. T
      主格
      ; L7 Y7 s& C; {% k3 @2 G9 @
      3 G  d8 D0 z$ A
      I

      # {+ m5 ]9 ?0 |! l% ^& M

      7 K1 s3 x6 _8 I
      you
      6 n1 N4 w$ Y1 c) o  u7 W, _, c, D; n* \
      1 U3 b) D# `, \/ f
      he
      ) h" G: C: q! M, L5 Q
      , j* ]& ~. Y$ {- r# w
      she

      $ ]) X+ `8 Y1 `# V. m4 T, Z  A3 ]

      ( E+ i: @, S# y, ]8 G
      it
      8 m% c: p' W6 z& x* C

      2 O3 H# e% f/ `' W6 m" H
       

      + I+ R" m9 M( [6 z" B& k1 k

      6 s  _' @& d/ ~6 A5 z$ ^
      we

      6 ~" O' {, O7 W2 c: D" g8 Q  e
      * y! Y7 F; j( k& f0 v- z/ z
      you
        y4 ?  K8 @* w( P8 A# N
      " `9 f9 Z/ L  s
      they

      5 A$ }; V5 G6 y9 Z3 N
      ' s' c1 S! o3 U
      賓格

      1 k) [) p2 G( H! ~. L
      : q# S. ^1 y- M9 w) y* Q
      me

      7 A. W/ C9 }; H% v- R

      . N0 M' S8 T. I8 b: H/ H! ?) t' d
      you
      ! d3 u4 A! @. H/ z, \; E
      . ?0 Q& T$ i% k) }
      him

      ( i9 d2 n4 y5 J* g  a1 p; h

      - J* Y. U# G, H  H2 K9 f) S" W
      her

      ) O& a' {9 ?! b/ L: \! `
      2 y# H" w% C- C9 g$ R/ W: Z7 K/ s+ ~
      it
      9 P. R( \- }( D( R
      % |) j$ R- _* B8 j* p. f0 b
      us
      . m/ x+ i. P6 i) j+ x( I, |
      # Z) L) ~+ T5 {8 @0 E( R/ A
      you
      8 E4 D6 a. G5 L* ^8 T/ S7 q+ J
      ' v2 t3 q/ e- x- P' E# Z) A6 e8 H
      them

      9 a4 W& C" d/ z3 i5 H

      : [8 H% ]; `' i+ c$ Y- i
      物主  代詞

      ( Q+ G9 U2 _" g- A8 u9 a8 z

      8 c0 n$ r* ^, N0 r
      形容詞性
      ( d! l: v/ E, y% c; s- n
      0 h# m0 b! V3 E
      my
      / q9 i! a* b9 b5 W8 i6 @' B
      3 {5 K1 x# }4 s: x9 R
      your

      3 F9 w8 U% g# a4 C0 i) i1 L8 T" r( g6 Y
      1 j/ O7 w# s' R
      his
      1 V+ @% w" j5 ^8 g7 C/ g

      ! s: L! }, g' x8 |$ C
      her

      1 Z7 M2 V1 i7 @! W

      / K+ K7 k! f4 @  Y3 ]  u
      its
      9 Z2 \: d- m' [2 g
      ( B0 X. @1 Z8 S" x7 y
      our

      % [5 x& d% Z6 p
      0 m5 E# r$ w2 d8 j8 ^
      your

      7 B9 m" m7 Y& c) k. A  z
      4 [6 I+ R; [# D2 d
      their

      1 a; N' }( r. b* ^  C; g
      " j2 B& \: v% \( g$ r. L! s+ B- }
      名詞性

      ' y' V; q; a: J- s

      6 T0 }# [% _0 D
      mine

      4 r1 M1 e( I( h. R' T* O% m' q1 X

      * a7 x* V) I9 N6 ]- ]
      yours

      3 m: d2 x4 k. V' N& \9 O' A, J
      , [4 ^7 \, V, X) I4 ]
      his

      / T: C/ d! P) u: m9 b6 Z2 E' ~
      0 u& r2 R/ `9 A3 L4 Z
      hers
      4 j% O- ]4 `6 s  p# m1 S
      # p" \7 N8 Y' o
      its
      : g7 b4 B  @9 N& y( E

      & q0 g7 d& l+ X( W* \, s" t6 ~, A
      ours

      ' M7 @0 u! Q) U& W+ W& o! T
      2 p1 _1 w$ ?8 }, K2 O$ s
      yours
      , y: u) u1 }2 e: b

      ( t( ?1 P* o+ Y3 ?2 x, ~
      theirs
      2 H. O9 p0 s' H
      : o* k' j7 ]% L8 _$ e  v$ Z+ z
      9 h' X- {/ ^# x0 x' V  a! U0 S% n

      ; o* {4 x/ h/ f0 C, S
      練一練:( K+ r! d7 i! g3 E0 ~* a- @! o
      1、按請(qǐng)求寫出響應(yīng)人稱代詞。( B# f1 b8 v. B4 H( c# @) c, f$ `
      I(賓格)_______              she(形容詞性物主代詞)_______             we(名詞性物主代詞)_______ 5 J: }/ U  Z! ~% N$ |, E
      he(復(fù)數(shù))_______            us(單數(shù))_______            theirs(主格)_______ its(賓格)_______
      ! Z5 y' @% `2 M8 w$ @8 N* Q
      2、想一想,把下表彌補(bǔ)完全。

      + C* R- R1 Q; J2 E  B

      , y- [' ~# H- u' e; t0 A( c/ _. U2 T
      5 _2 _+ [% b0 R
      人稱代詞

      - U2 S' f4 u0 G! g

      ) h4 G; u% M" \1 |' `  d
      物主代詞

      % ~5 @+ M2 L9 ]9 ~' G& v

      " e) W7 s# r$ @- e
      單數(shù)

      ) P' N: D' d$ Y  I4 g

      # ?5 J  m) G, b- {, y
      復(fù)數(shù)

      " F, u: z$ R# m2 x) K. Q9 h& n% q/ U

      $ H; |9 G4 H$ c
      單數(shù)
      % w; r% I3 F2 @% c8 p4 P! i

      5 D) x8 G8 c+ ~1 z
      復(fù)數(shù)

      . x9 a7 V5 P' ]8 M) A
      0 ^# v& k9 [2 {) O7 [# U
      主格

        ^$ O3 z4 F: ?7 v2 ?0 g: ^4 W
      3 |) ]1 w" b4 X% f
      賓格

      4 K( J! S7 D( R' s6 @
      ( k& h3 E5 _$ `' v* a1 N
      主格
      5 E/ t/ N  \! [( v+ {
      # A+ W! y4 n/ n
      賓格

      ( \* Z# q0 w/ _, G7 y
      ( Y0 }& a$ c; y! z* Q2 K( O! W
      形容詞性
      / Q+ N" e# O  C2 ~& @

      0 ^5 T; p, W/ C- w1 _9 R
      名詞性

      - d: ?3 p- Q# N. D& d' a  t% h+ a5 p
      - e8 x, w0 F1 h) \" D# b* I$ q2 }, |
      形容詞性

      / r7 R7 f& f+ B2 X

      , K* S0 U* s$ O% a
      名詞性

      ( C0 Z. l  P+ V' w% {; T
        Q4 T% O' D7 ~: n
      第一人稱

      $ T) h8 G8 W! v& j5 R

      : C) ~/ R# K" p7 Z' \
      % ~1 n: R% ^$ c/ z) r6 f, E' `" ]

      / A5 k" s3 J+ c4 W+ ?0 [
      me
      0 J  g: p% ~& d4 z2 R- P" o; n  A6 X& v
      : O# J3 D5 D! ~8 v# M

      9 L( ^, J3 j) U- F2 j

      : _) u! l8 l# K0 q
      us
      * k8 @7 D: c7 y$ [% X

      : M* _. w3 [$ e+ Q" l1 d

      ! A- U; t" r: t+ T5 v4 u4 y

      & t  X! O) `; @7 `0 `
      6 i. {) F5 j! ]5 f! ]. N. W  Z/ O
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      our
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      , |) T; L. }  }$ y, r/ w. e
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      第二人稱

      # F; @  N$ ~2 S5 s; D. }

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      you
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      you

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        Q6 r$ \" G; L& s8 j

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      8 \3 r0 H! ?) o1 \( q5 [2 e) q

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      . y2 ^, }3 F9 ?) q; a

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      第三人稱

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      ) ~+ [  S  p, C! c: {$ y
      he
      7 v% }8 l' Y, Q* [; B$ \
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      ' B* ]! M* c2 s% y
      5 t- D' i' S( v! L* X
      $ l( F, o7 `9 d: W  S

      ' V+ K4 C; \7 P7 {, d$ y
      them

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      his
      : X; @7 ^1 A0 \$ K0 s2 r+ o
      4 ^% y  J' P' V1 [9 {* i+ K7 K
      ! P$ N$ k8 n8 |, d0 N% X3 p4 k9 U
      * m3 p) f4 a: U- w' E
      their

      : t/ l( S; T8 V5 ]: a& E

      2 n3 }& K9 b( ?' I3 O# Y
      0 C. E. C- x: ~. X$ m

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      her

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      $ J- s3 D# L* w! {' p

      . F8 ^' s6 A& \
      2 W# q0 ^4 {$ n) j; j

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      it
      + C4 y$ H' \8 M4 v6 s

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      5 c3 O+ s2 m1 D- O& d4 }* m

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      its
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      3、用所給詞的恰當(dāng)情勢(shì)填空。) s3 u+ y& o7 Z& f; }# @
      1That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
      + F" p& z7 q7 V# B0 O: L: N2The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) # J% K! B9 [8 Z, S
      3Is this _________ watch? ( you ) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) " K! n" ~+ d  x* `
      4_________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) ( h+ Z5 o( ^8 O/ p& H- |# W
      5_________ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _________? ( you ) * x7 }* h  F' E9 W" R
      6Show _________ your kite, OK? ( they ) + b$ g/ w, U# p4 T8 y% s' V
      7I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) + H9 I- a1 f) K
      8Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they ) . @' M3 X! [. r( E2 G6 @' }/ i
      9Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) ; F/ H4 k5 E" o9 l6 L$ Y' }
      10_________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________is a nurse. ( she )
      ' J  f& f* @5 c/ d4 a7 E/ K3 \. @! C11Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
      7 M5 q7 k, C6 g+ N12Don’t touch _________. _________is not a cat, _________ is a tiger! ( it )
      + A1 G# {# H* w8 z) H  g13_________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. ( she )
      : O# s) `/ Q6 d3 F14The girl behind _________ is our friend. ( she )
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      + X/ K/ r5 }+ h; ^2 v
      五、形容詞、副詞

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      1、形容詞表現(xiàn)某一事物某人的特點(diǎn),副詞表現(xiàn)某一動(dòng)作的特點(diǎn)。形容詞和副詞有三種情勢(shì):本相、比擬
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      級(jí)、第一流。比擬級(jí):+er  第一流:the …+est
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      兩個(gè)主要特點(diǎn):as……as中心必定用本相,than的前面必定要+er。
      ( i2 u6 _3 Y; L' D2、形容詞、副詞比擬級(jí)的規(guī)矩變更如下:; n7 Z! j5 E  f) }8 _& q
      1)一般直接+er。如:tall - taller, fast - faster   單音節(jié)詞假如以-e結(jié)尾,只加-r。如:late - later
      1 p. f4 G: V. C; d+ y+ o2)重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)子音字母,須雙寫這個(gè)字母,再加-er。如:big - bigger, fat - fatter; n7 q/ O3 ]! x2 y
      3)以子音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞,變yi,再加-er。如:heavy - heavier, early - earlier, n9 R/ e: ^9 P6 v# k; l7 R
      4)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比擬級(jí)應(yīng)在原級(jí)前加more組成。如:beautiful - more beautiful, % ?! ?$ ^- ?8 D2 f8 x/ `" N. m; @
           careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting* i& K7 e  x6 `1 m& o
      5)有些不規(guī)矩變更的,須一一加以記憶。如:good/well – better, bad/ill – worse, many/much – more, far – farther/further, old – older/elder…/ G$ e% K; }* w% B
      ' H, R9 B& E6 |
      練一練:
      8 Y4 K3 p9 n1 u) w: N2 A; M% Y0 S; O1、寫出下列形容詞、副詞的比擬級(jí)。
      - ?, ^9 F- ]. d6 Zbig                    good                   long                    tall                     old                 H) A. P. C+ L, R8 F# u
      short                  thin                    heavy                   young                  fat              
      ' h$ B/ M6 ]! u2 {# Rlight                  strong                   high                    far                     low              
      3 e6 v2 s! [& I( H, I6 h6 rearly                  late                     well                    fast                    slow   

      , V% i8 @, c- h

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      2、用括號(hào)內(nèi)亂所給單詞的恰當(dāng)情勢(shì)填空。
      3 }( t- s: d7 c$ v1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish, I think.
      ! j1 E9 l+ L0 e; I$ L2) Look! His hands are _______  ( big ) than mine.
      3 Z) X1 b' W& V3) I think you do these things_______ ( well ) than your classmates.
      % a: _- Y' h1 I4) Whose bag is _______ ( heavy ), yours or mine?
      ) w+ d/ U5 P  J2 X/ v9 p5) Does Jim run as _______slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_______ ( slow ) than them.3 F; u( V) T4 B. j' o0 ]
      6) You have seven books, but I have _______ ( many ) than you. I ha ve ten.7 l& n0 {% Z" Y7 m) Q1 q8 |
      7) I jump _______ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class.2 r3 D2 {+ P( F( Q
      8) I’m very_______ ( thin ), but she’s _______ ( thin ) than me.! i6 y4 i9 N/ `/ F. Y
      9) It gets _______and_______ ( warm ) when spring comes here.
      3 b  C% c4 ?* r0 h+ N  {

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      ) s& n+ T/ {, l

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      6 W0 h, h, G) g9 a

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      六、介  
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      1、一種虛詞。不克不及零丁作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語一路組成介詞短語,才干在句子中起感化。
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      有:in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of,
      , k. G2 y; F4 j
      from…to…, at the back of…
      $ ^# Z2 H' z) \0 x/ s2、表現(xiàn)時(shí)光的介詞有:at, on, in。(1at表現(xiàn)在某一個(gè)具體的時(shí)光點(diǎn)上,或用在固定詞組中。如:at ten  

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      o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…2on表現(xiàn)在某日或某日的時(shí)光段。如:on Friday, on the

      1 o5 x* o; c' Z
      first of October, on Monday morning…3in表現(xiàn)在某一段時(shí)光(月份、季候)里。如:in the afternoon,

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      in September, in summer, in 2005…- s0 i3 v3 y# Z% K7 J
      3in一詞還有其他的固定搭配,如:in blue(穿戴藍(lán)色的衣服),in English(用英語表達(dá)),take part in(參
      ; `6 E7 n5 X6 H/ e+ e1 X6 p
      加)。! U  c- _3 R9 n4 d; e5 B# |; s) Q4 G

      . d: D1 E6 m* m8 [
      5 A7 F! [5 S1 x2 \- L2 Y
      練一練:9 q) S1 @0 U4 @  f
      1、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)亂適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。
      . p8 J' R/ G; P/ n. G1) What’s this _______ ( at, on, in ) English?
      # E  z# s* b3 N% v) n  A# `2) Christmas is _______ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December.# H$ ~  a* i, V) @7 J
      3) The man_______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.. V9 T+ M' s7 ~5 Z
      4) He doesn’t do well  _______ ( at, on, in ) PE.
      " D# \; c. x: U6 ]& p5 H' N5) Look at those birds  _______ ( on, in ) the tree.9 R3 L! Y/ r6 T1 ~% `) ?
      6) We are going to meet  _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop  _______ ( at, on, in ) half past ten.$ k7 W4 @' C9 W. p, A9 H6 E
      7) Is there a cat    _______ ( under, behind, in ) the door?! ^6 d2 A4 ?( K4 ~
      8) Helen’s writing *** is  _______ ( in, in front of ) her computer.  n+ y8 y; C' @% d4 I3 f
      9) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.$ c# V& J, D0 r2 e  P+ w6 Y
      10) Does it often rain   _______ ( at, on, in ) spring there?
      2 w$ W; }2 [5 `! I" x2、圈出下列句子中應(yīng)用不適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,并將準(zhǔn)確的謎底寫在橫線上。# L- e" c, |3 D* K+ G3 m( ~1 R7 r
      1) Jim is good in English and Maths.               2) The films were in the ground just now.         
      * i/ _* X$ E1 ~" ^7 n$ c8 n3) They are talking to their plans.                4) How many students have their birthdays on May?           + V8 R9 [5 N6 W) k$ a, B# `. K: R
      5) Women’s Day is at the third of March.           6) I can jog to school on the morning.           ) ^% y0 b6 b7 f! c
      7) Did you water trees at the farm?                8) Can you come and help me on my English?           ' z& ^' P! ?5 O) c: |
      9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning.       10) What did you do on the Spring Festival?           
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